Month: December 2016

Posted on

解决PKIX问题：unable to find valid certification path to requested target

话说前几天在测试服务器上遇到了这么个异常

javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: 
sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target

就是说找不着安全证书啥的等等烂码七糟的一大堆

接着就拜Google大神，发现一篇文章能被N个人转来转去的，关键文章还不怎么靠谱

后来找到了一个办法，幸运的是在测试环境一弄， 这个问题看上去就被解决了

我们要做的就是将所要访问的URL的安全认证证书导入到客户端

下面是获取安全证书的一种方法

/*
 * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *   - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its
 *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
 * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;

public class InstallCert {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		String host;
		int port;
		char[] passphrase;
		if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {
			String[] c = args[0].split(":");
			host = c[0];
			port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);
			String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];
			passphrase = p.toCharArray();
		} else {
			System.out.println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");
			return;
		}

		File file = new File("jssecacerts");
		if (file.isFile() == false) {
			char SEP = File.separatorChar;
			File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib" + SEP + "security");
			file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
			if (file.isFile() == false) {
				file = new File(dir, "cacerts");
			}
		}
		
		System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
		InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
		KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
		ks.load(in, passphrase);
		in.close();

		SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
		TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
		tmf.init(ks);
		X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf.getTrustManagers()[0];
		SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
		context.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);
		SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();

		System.out.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
		SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);
		socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
		try {
			System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");
			socket.startHandshake();
			socket.close();
			System.out.println();
			System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
		} catch (SSLException e) {
			System.out.println();
			e.printStackTrace(System.out);
		}

		X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
		if (chain == null) {
			System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
			return;
		}

		BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

		System.out.println();
		System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
		System.out.println();
		MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
		MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
		for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {
			X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
			System.out.println(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject " + cert.getSubjectDN());
			System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());
			sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
			System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
			md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
			System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));
			System.out.println();
		}

		System.out.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");
		String line = reader.readLine().trim();
		int k;
		try {
			k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;
		} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
			System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");
			return;
		}

		X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
		String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
		ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);

		OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
		ks.store(out, passphrase);
		out.close();

		System.out.println();
		System.out.println(cert);
		System.out.println();
		System.out.println("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '" + alias + "'");
	}

	
	private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();

	
	private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
		for (int b : bytes) {
			b &= 0xff;
			sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
			sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
			sb.append(' ');
		}
		return sb.toString();
	}

	
	private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
		private final X509TrustManager tm;
		private X509Certificate[] chain;

		SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {
			this.tm = tm;
		}

		public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
			throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
		}

		public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
			throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
		}

		public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
			this.chain = chain;
			tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
		}
	}
}

编译InstallCert.java得到两个class文件，并执行InstallCert类

执行方式：java InstallCert hostname     eg:java InstallCert www.cebbank.com

接下来会看到下面的打印信息 

java InstallCert www.cebbank.com
Loading KeyStore /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_31/jre/lib/security/cacerts...
Opening connection to www.cebbank.com:443...
Starting SSL handshake...

javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: 
sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:174)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(SSLSocketImpl.java:1731)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:241)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:235)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:1206)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(ClientHandshaker.java:136)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:593)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Handshaker.java:529)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:925)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1170)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1197)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1181)
	at InstallCert.main(InstallCert.java:102)
Caused by: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: 
sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
	at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:323)
	at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.engineValidate(PKIXValidator.java:217)
	at sun.security.validator.Validator.validate(Validator.java:218)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.validate(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:126)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:209)
	at InstallCert$SavingTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(InstallCert.java:198)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:1198)
	... 8 more
Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
	at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(SunCertPathBuilder.java:174)
	at java.security.cert.CertPathBuilder.build(CertPathBuilder.java:238)
	at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:318)
	... 14 more

Server sent 1 certificate(s):

 1 Subject CN=www.cebbank.com, OU=Terms of use at www.verisign.com/rpa (c)05, OU=CEB, O="China Everbright Bank Co., Ltd", L=Beijing
   Issuer  CN=VeriSign Class 3 Extended Validation SSL CA, OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)06, OU=VeriSign Trust Network
   sha1    5b d2 85 6e b3 a4 2b 07 a2 13 47 b3 be 3e 1f c9 d3 ce 46 57 
   md5     05 d8 ae ee f1 d9 51 63 6d 2f 11 e0 ac d0 e7 d7 

Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]

然后输入 1 并回车，会看到类似下面的打印信息

[
[
  Version: V3
  Subject: CN=www.cebbank.com, OU=Terms of use at www.verisign.com/rpa (c)05, OU=CEB, O="China Everbright Bank Co., Ltd", L=Beijing
  Signature Algorithm: SHA1withRSA, OID = 1.2.840.113549.1.1.5

  Key:  Sun RSA public key, 2048 bits
  modulus: 30831246384548809540705228292841393062583732250993909916355780413722161557074568469738254573472093341710481517139910877
  public exponent: 65537
  Validity: [From: Mon Jul 02 08:00:00 CST 2012,
               To: Thu Jul 03 07:59:59 CST 2014]
  Issuer: CN=VeriSign Class 3 Extended Validation SSL CA, OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)06, OU=VeriSign Trust Network
  SerialNumber: [    5715ab25 6be8fa42 2fa28dd4 601bc732]

Certificate Extensions: 9
[1]: ObjectId: 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.1.1 Criticality=false
AuthorityInfoAccess [
  [
   accessMethod: 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.1
   accessLocation: URIName: http://ocsp.verisign.com, 
   accessMethod: 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.2
   accessLocation: URIName: http://EVSecure-aia.verisign.com/EVSecure2006.cer]
]

[2]: ObjectId: 2.5.29.17 Criticality=false
SubjectAlternativeName [
  DNSName: www.cebbank.com
]

[3]: ObjectId: 2.5.29.35 Criticality=false
AuthorityKeyIdentifier [
KeyIdentifier [
0000: FC 8A 50 BA 9E B9 25 5A   7B 55 85 4F 95 00 63 8F  ..P...%Z.U.O..c.
0010: E9 58 6B 43                                        .XkC
]

]

[4]: ObjectId: 2.5.29.32 Criticality=false
CertificatePolicies [
  [CertificatePolicyId: [2.16.840.1.113733.1.7.23.6]
[PolicyQualifierInfo: [
  qualifierID: 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.2.1
  qualifier: 0000: 16 1C 68 74 74 70 73 3A   2F 2F 77 77 77 2E 76 65  ..https://www.ve
0010: 72 69 73 69 67 6E 2E 63   6F 6D 2F 63 70 73        risign.com/cps

]]  ]
]

[5]: ObjectId: 2.5.29.19 Criticality=false
BasicConstraints:[
  CA:false
  PathLen: undefined
]

[6]: ObjectId: 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.1.12 Criticality=false
Extension unknown: DER encoded OCTET string =
0000: 04 62 30 60 A1 5E A0 5C   30 5A 30 58 30 56 16 09  .b0`.^.\0Z0X0V..
0010: 69 6D 61 67 65 2F 67 69   66 30 21 30 1F 30 07 06  image/gif0!0.0..
0020: 05 2B 0E 03 02 1A 04 14   4B 6B B9 28 96 06 0C BB  .+......Kk.(....
0030: D0 52 38 9B 29 AC 4B 07   8B 21 05 18 30 26 16 24  .R8.).K..!..0&.$
0040: 68 74 74 70 3A 2F 2F 6C   6F 67 6F 2E 76 65 72 69  http://logo.veri
0050: 73 69 67 6E 2E 63 6F 6D   2F 76 73 6C 6F 67 6F 31  sign.com/vslogo1
0060: 2E 67 69 66                                        .gif


[7]: ObjectId: 2.5.29.37 Criticality=false
ExtendedKeyUsages [
  serverAuth
  clientAuth
]

[8]: ObjectId: 2.5.29.31 Criticality=false
CRLDistributionPoints [
  [DistributionPoint:
     [URIName: http://EVSecure-crl.verisign.com/EVSecure2006.crl]
]]

[9]: ObjectId: 2.5.29.15 Criticality=false
KeyUsage [
  DigitalSignature
  Key_Encipherment
]

]
  Algorithm: [SHA1withRSA]
  Signature:
0000: 42 0A 89 BF 48 08 1E F4   98 F2 E5 DB 0D 83 EF 37  B...H..........7
0010: EC 27 6F 4D 81 69 C6 4A   4C 17 EC 57 F5 48 2A 14  .'oM.i.JL..W.H*.
0020: 3C 54 B2 C5 49 39 42 BA   EC 83 78 02 F9 96 6C 63  <T..I9B...x...lc
0030: 80 BC 60 61 BB 20 D1 AD   C3 D3 76 47 6F 0C 7B AC  ..`a. ....vGo...
0040: 76 B2 C7 2D B1 0A 7A 00   CA 40 38 86 FF 9F 12 F5  v..-..z..@8.....
0050: BE 5A E7 42 97 2F DF DE   0C 19 C5 F6 92 58 17 7A  .Z.B./.......X.z
0060: 9A 1D 2C 2C DA 8B 83 83   2D BE 07 58 56 36 92 E7  ..,,....-..XV6..
0070: B1 F8 A0 B5 00 F4 C3 30   D1 34 37 3D 94 75 28 04  .......0.47=.u(.
0080: A2 D8 C3 FE B1 E1 C2 2E   51 A8 6F D5 09 6D 49 DB  ........Q.o..mI.
0090: 2E 1D 4B F7 A8 06 30 B4   97 E7 C2 33 26 FD 6A DF  ..K...0....3&.j.
00A0: D6 B0 10 A1 F2 73 DD 5A   60 DE 51 5E EA 80 46 86  .....s.Z`.Q^..F.
00B0: 25 0B 53 FC C2 57 80 35   09 2D 31 55 28 35 EE 0F  %.S..W.5.-1U(5..
00C0: 62 50 4B 12 75 0B 02 9F   2F 0B D2 8A 0D 23 E3 C1  bPK.u.../....#..
00D0: 48 28 56 33 E1 DE 31 DD   72 78 15 96 EE 2B A5 1D  H(V3..1.rx...+..
00E0: 37 85 1B E5 88 53 80 88   02 6D 90 F3 E6 4A 74 AC  7....S...m...Jt.
00F0: D2 CA 0E 04 BC 46 A0 57   34 FA CF 9D E5 D7 0E 4B  .....F.W4......K

]

Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias 'www.cebbank.com-1'

同时我们会在当面目录下发现已经生成了一个名为jssecacerts的证书

再将名为jssecacerts的证书拷贝\\%JAVA_HONME%\\jre\\lib\\security\\目录中

最后重启下应用的服务，证书就会生效了。。

补充： 有人说生成证书后不用拷贝，直接代码里加句话就行，结果试了一下发现不管用

System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStore", "jssecacerts证书路径");
Posted on

[转]openssl的证书格式转换

证书转换

PKCS 全称是 Public-Key Cryptography Standards ，是由 RSA 实验室与其它安全系统开发商为促进公钥密码的发展而制订的一系列标准，PKCS 目前共发布过 15 个标准。 常用的有：
PKCS#7 Cryptographic Message Syntax Standard
PKCS#10 Certification Request Standard
PKCS#12 Personal Information Exchange Syntax Standard
X.509是常见通用的证书格式。所有的证书都符合为Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) 制定的 ITU-T X509 国际标准。
PKCS#7 常用的后缀是： .P7B .P7C .SPC
PKCS#12 常用的后缀有： .P12 .PFX
X.509 DER 编码(ASCII)的后缀是： .DER .CER .CRT
X.509 PAM 编码(Base64)的后缀是： .PEM .CER .CRT
.cer/.crt是用于存放证书，它是2进制形式存放的，不含私钥。
.pem跟crt/cer的区别是它以Ascii来表示。
pfx/p12用于存放个人证书/私钥，他通常包含保护密码，2进制方式
p10是证书请求
p7r是CA对证书请求的回复，只用于导入
p7b以树状展示证书链(certificate chain)，同时也支持单个证书，不含私钥。

1. CA证书

用openssl创建CA证书的RSA密钥(PEM格式)：

openssl genrsa -des3 -out ca.key 1024

2. 创建CA证书有效期为一年

用openssl创建CA证书(PEM格式,假如有效期为一年)：

openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -key ca.key -out ca.crt -config openssl.cnf

openssl是可以生成DER格式的CA证书的，最好用IE将PEM格式的CA证书转换成DER格式的CA证书。

3. x509转换为pfx

openssl pkcs12 -export -out server.pfx -inkey server.key -in server.crt

4. PEM格式的ca.key转换为Microsoft可以识别的pvk格式

pvk -in ca.key -out ca.pvk -nocrypt -topvk

5. PKCS#12 到 PEM 的转换

openssl pkcs12 -nocerts -nodes -in cert.p12 -out private.pem  验证   openssl pkcs12 -clcerts -nokeys -in cert.p12 -out cert.pem

6. 从 PFX 格式文件中提取私钥格式文件 (.key)

openssl pkcs12 -in mycert.pfx -nocerts -nodes -out mycert.key

7. 转换 pem 到到 spc

   openssl crl2pkcs7 -nocrl -certfile venus.pem  -outform DER -out venus.spc

用 -outform -inform 指定 DER 还是 PAM 格式。例如：

openssl x509 -in Cert.pem -inform PEM -out cert.der -outform DER

8. PEM 到 PKCS#12 的转换

openssl pkcs12 -export -in Cert.pem -out Cert.p12 -inkey key.pem

IIS 证书

cd c:\openssl 　　　　　　　　　  set OPENSSL_CONF=openssl.cnf 　　　　　　　　　  openssl pkcs12 -export -out server.pfx -inkey server.key -in server.crt

server.key和server.crt文件是Apache的证书文件，生成的server.pfx用于导入IIS

9. How to Convert PFX Certificate to PEM Format for SOAP

$ openssl pkcs12 -in test.pfx -out client.pem  Enter Import Password:  MAC verified OK  Enter PEM pass phrase:  Verifying - Enter PEM pass phrase: